Finish rewrite and debug of module Stripe.

htdocs/core/modules/modStripe.class.php

htdocs/langs/en_US/paypal.lang

htdocs/langs/en_US/stripe.lang

htdocs/public/paybox/paymentko.php

htdocs/public/paybox/paymentok.php

htdocs/public/payment/newpayment.php

htdocs/public/payment/paymentko.php

htdocs/public/payment/paymentok.php

htdocs/public/paypal/paymentko.php

htdocs/public/paypal/paymentok.php

htdocs/public/stripe/newpayment.php

htdocs/public/stripe/paymentko.php

htdocs/public/stripe/paymentok.php

htdocs/stripe/admin/stripe.php

htdocs/stripe/lib/stripe.lib.php