| `ls` | list: Lists the files and directories located in the current directory | <ul><li>`ls`</li><li>`ls -a`<ul><li>shows all the files in the directory, including hidden ones</li></ul></li><li>`ls -l`<ul><li>shows contents in a list format including information such as file size, file permissions and date the file was modified</li></ul></li><li>`ls *.txt`<ul><li>shows all files in the current directory which end with `.txt`</li></ul></li></ul>|
<td>ls</td>
| `cd` | change directory: this allows users to navigate in or out of file directories | <ul><li>`cd <folder path>`</li><li>`cd <folder_name>`<ul><li>navigates into directory `<folder_name>` located in the current directory</li></ul></li><li>`cd ..`<ul><li>navigates out of a directory and into the parent directory</li></ul><li>`cd $HOME` (or `$WORK`)<ul><li>navigates to a user's home (or work) directory</li></ul></li></ul> |
<td>list: Lists the files and directories located in the current directory</td>
| `mv` | move: used to move a file or directory to another location | <ul><li>`mv <current file(s)> <target file(s)>`</li><li>`mv * ../`<ul><li>moves all files from the current directory into the parent directory</li></ul></li><li>`mv <old_filename> <new_filename>`<ul><li>renames the file `<old_filename>` to `<new_filename>`</li></ul></li></ul> |
<td><ul>
| `cp` | copy: used to copy a file or directory to another location | <ul><li>`cp <current file(s)> <target file(s)>`</li><li>`cp * ../`<ul><li>copies all files in the current directory and puts the copies into the parent directory</li></ul></li><li>`cp -r ./orig_folder ./new_folder`<br/><ul><li>copies all files and directories within `orig_folder` into `new_folder` (`-r` indicates this is a recursive copy, so all sub-directories and files within `orig_folder` will be included in `new_folder`)</li></ul></li></ul> |
<li>ls</li>
| `man` | manual: displays documentation for commands </br></br>**Note:** Use up and down arrows to scroll through the text. To exit the manual display, press 'q' | <ul><li>`man <command name>`</li><li>`man ls`<ul><li>displays documentation for the `ls` command</li></ul></li></ul> |
<li>`ls -a`
| `mkdir` | make directory: creates a directory with the specified name | <ul><li>`mkdir new_folder`<ul><li>creates the directory `new_folder` within the current directory</li></ul></li></ul> |
<ul>
| `rmdir` | remove directory: deletes a directory with the specified name </br></br>**Note:**`rmdir` only works on empty directories | <ul><li>`rmdir folder_name`<ul><li>removes the directory `folder_name` if the directory is empty</li></ul></li><li>`rmdir *`<ul><li>removes all directories within the current directory</li></ul></li></ul> |
<li>shows all the files in the directory, including hidden ones</li>
| `rm` | remove: deletes file or files with the specified name(s) | <ul><li>`rm file_name`<ul><li>deletes the file `file_name`</li></ul></li><li>`rm *`<ul><li>deletes all files in the current directory</li></ul></li></ul> |
</ul></li>
| `nano` | nano text editor: opens the nano text editor </br></br>**Note:** To access the menu options, `^` indicates the control (CTRL) key. | <ul><li>`nano`<ul><li>opens the text editor in a blank file</li></ul></li><li>`nano file_name`<ul><li>opens the text editor with `file_name` open. If `file_name` does not exist, it will be created if the file is saved</li></ul></li></ul> |
<li>ls -l
| `clear` | clear: clears the screen of all input/output | <ul><li>`clear`</li></ul> |
<ul>
| `less` | less: opens an extended view of a file </br></br>**Note:** Use up and down arrows to scroll through the text. To exit the extended view, press '`q`' | <ul><li>`less <file_name>`<ul><li>opens an extended view of the file `file_name`</li></ul></li></ul> |
<li>shows contents in a list format including information such as file size, file permissions and date the file was modified</li>
| `cat` | concatenate: sends file contents to standard input - used frequently with pipes | <ul><li>`cat <file_name>`<ul><li>prints the contents of the file `file_name`</li></ul></li><li>`cat *.txt`<ul><li>prints the contents of all files in the current directory that end in `.txt`</li></ul></li></ul> |
</ul></li>
<li>ls *.txt
<ul>
<li>shows all files in the current directory which end with .txt</li>
</ul></li>
</ul></td>
</tr>
<trclass="even">
<td>cd</td>
<td>change directory: this allows users to navigate in or out of file directories</td>
<td><ul>
<li>cd <folder path></li>
<li>cd folder_name
<ul>
<li>navigates into directory "folder_name" located in the current directory</li>
</ul></li>
<li>cd ..
<ul>
<li>navigates out of a directory and into the parent directory</li>
</ul>
cd $HOME (or $WORK)
<ul>
<li>navigates to a user's home (or work) directory</li>
</ul></li>
</ul></td>
</tr>
<trclass="odd">
<td>mv</td>
<td>move: used to move a file or directory to another location</td>
<li>copies all files in the current directory and puts the copies into the parent directory</li>
</ul></li>
<li>cp -r ./orig_folder ./new_folder<br/>
<ul>
<li>copies all files and directories within orig_folder into new_folder (-r indicates this is a recursive copy, so all sub-directories and files within orig_folder will be included in new_folder)</li>
</ul></li>
</ul></td>
</tr>
<trclass="odd">
<td>man</td>
<td><p>manual: displays documentation for commands</p>
<p><strong>Note:</strong> Use up and down arrows to scroll through the text. To exit the manual display, press 'q'</p></td>
<td><ul>
<li>man <command name></li>
<li>man ls
<ul>
<li>displays documentation for the ls command</li>
</ul></li>
</ul></td>
</tr>
<trclass="even">
<td>mkdir</td>
<td>make directory: creates a directory with the specified name</td>
<td><ul>
<li>mkdir <new_folder>
<ul>
<li>creates the directory "new_folder" within the current directory</li>
</ul></li>
</ul></td>
</tr>
<trclass="odd">
<td>rmdir</td>
<td><p>remove directory: deletes a directory with the specified name</p>
<p><strong>Note:</strong> rmdir only works on empty directories</p></td>
<td><ul>
<li>rmdir <folder_name>
<ul>
<li>removes the directory "folder_name" if the directory is empty</li>
</ul></li>
<li>rmdir *
<ul>
<li>removes all directories within the current directory</li>
</ul></li>
</ul></td>
</tr>
<trclass="even">
<td>rm</td>
<td>remove: deletes file or files with the specified name(s)</td>
<td><ul>
<li>rm <file_name>
<ul>
<li>deletes the file "file_name"</li>
</ul></li>
<li>rm *
<ul>
<li>deletes all files in the current directory</li>
</ul></li>
</ul></td>
</tr>
<trclass="odd">
<td><p>nano</p></td>
<td><p>nano text editor: opens the nano text editor</p>
<p><strong>Note:</strong> To access the menu options, ^ indicates the control (CTRL) key.</p></td>
<td><ul>
<li>nano
<ul>
<li>opens the text editor in a blank file</li>
</ul></li>
<li>nano <file_name>
<ul>
<li>opens the text editor with "file_name" open. If "file_name" does not exist, it will be created if the file is saved</li>
</ul></li>
</ul></td>
</tr>
<trclass="even">
<td>clear</td>
<td>clear: clears the screen of all input/output</td>
<td><ul>
<li>clear</li>
</ul></td>
</tr>
<trclass="odd">
<td>less</td>
<td><p>less: opens an extended view of a file</p>
<p><strong>Note:</strong> Use up and down arrows to scroll through the text. To exit the extended view, press 'q'</p></td>
<td><ul>
<li>less <file_name>
<ul>
<li>opens an extended view of the file "file_name"</li>
</ul></li>
</ul></td>
</tr>
<trclass="even">
<td>cat</td>
<td>concatenate: sends file contents to standard input - used frequently with pipes</td>
<td><ul>
<li>cat <file_name>
<ul>
<li>prints the contents of the file "file_name"</li>
</ul></li>
<li>cat *.txt
<ul>
<li>prints the contents of all files in the current directory that end in ".txt"</li>
